Journal articles: 'Section 21' – Grafiati (2024)

Abstract:

For several years now, I have been arguing that section 28 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms1 is more than a symbolic flourish, more than just emphasis for section 15’s sex equality guarantee, and more than an interpretive provision. In fact, it has its own independent work to do. This includes blocking attempts by government to use section 33 to preserve gender inequality.

Abstract:

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of oketani massage and acupressure pressure of GB-21 on milk production in post-Caesarea section mothers. The research method used is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design, one group pre-posttest design. The results showed that the pressure on the acupressure point of GB-21 was sufficient based on mother and baby indicators. The statistical test results showed differences in milk production before and after pressure at the acupressure point of Gb-12 (p-value = 0.000). In conclusion, oketani massage is more effective in increasing milk production in group A, post section caesarea mothers compared to group B, the pressure at the acupressure point Gb-21 from infant indicators. Keywords: Gb-21 Acupressure, Breast Milk, Oketani Massage, Sectio Caesarea

Abstract:

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers design procedure was reviewed to validate the existing criteria for geotextile-reinforced unpaved roads and to modify the criteria for the addition of stiff biaxial geogrids. Geogrid stiffness here refers to products demonstrating good torsional rigidity and aperture stability. The theoretical basis for the existing design procedure was reviewed to ensure that appropriate assumptions were used to derive the current design method. Historical test section results were used to validate the empirical bearing-capacity factors, Nc used for unreinforced and geotextile-reinforced base materials. In addition, an empirical bearing-capacity factor for geogrid reinforcement was derived to modify the existing design procedure for both geotextile and geogrid use. The relevant theory used in the development of the existing design method to establish the basis for the analyses is described. Previously unpublished test section results are presented and used to calculate experimental bearing-capacity factors, and the calculated factors are compared with the theoretical values used in the existing procedure. The results of the analyses support the use of the existing design procedure’s bearing-capacity factor for unreinforced sections; the existing bearing-capacity factor for geotextile-reinforced unpaved roads appears to be unconservative for the conditions of the full-scale test section presented. Finally, a bearing-capacity factor for the use of a geogrid and geotextile combination is recommended for modification of the existing Corps of Engineers design procedure.

Abstract:

In terms of section 21 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005, an unmarried father acquires full parental responsibilities and rights in respect of his child if he lives with the child's mother in a permanent life-partnership when the child is born. He also acquires full parental responsibilities and rights if, regardless of whether or not he has ever lived with the child's mother, he consents or successfully applies to be identified as the child's father or pays damages in terms of customary law, and contributes or attempts in good faith to contribute to the child's upbringing and maintenance for a reasonable period. Several provisions of section 21 are unclear and/or unsatisfactory. The draft Children's Amendment Bill, 2018 seeks to address problematic aspects of the section. Unfortunately, the proposed amendments to section 21 leave one disappointed. Although some of the amendments are welcome, the draft Bill fails to address several of the uncertainties flowing from the current wording of section 21 and even creates additional uncertainties. The wording of many of the amendments has not been properly thought through, and the draft Bill fails to address the key question of whether the requirements in section 21(1)(b) operate conjunctively or independently.

Abstract:

This article is the offshoot of a Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) seminar presented at the Adams Mark Hotel, Denver, Colorado, Friday, May 21, 1999, titled “The Frozen Section in Pediatric Solid Tumors—Crucial Issues.” There were eight presenters who spoke on a wide range of topics that included historical perspectives of the frozen section and discussion of the following systems: brain, renal, germ cell, bone, soft tissue, and lymph nodes. To complement these presentations, a pediatric surgeon explained his concern and philosophy regarding the use of frozen sections, and a lawyer tackled the issues and risks in rendering a frozen section diagnosis. We think that this review covers all the important aspects of the frozen section in our current practice of pediatric pathology.

Abstract:

Objective This study has as objective to analyze the effect of joint immobilization of the soleus muscle of posterior members of rats on morphometric profile view, at periods of 21 and 45 days. Materials and methods Ten male Rattus novergicus albinus, Wistar variety, were used, separated into two groups (group I and II), of 5 animals each, with the first group submitted to immobilization for 21 days and the second for 45 days. The experiment control was acquired from the right contralateral member of each animal. The immobilization of the left posterior member was done by adapted orthesis. The morphometric analysis of soleus was by non-serial cross sections, 8μm thick. Results From the obtained images, the muscle fibers areas were analyzed, including the form of the fibers, comparing with the control group. In both the periods of immobilization cross sections of staple fibres had reduction of the section area, front to the comparison to its respective member has controlled, with significant important (p < 0.0001), especially it enters the experimental groups of 21 and 45 days. Conclusion It can be concluded that immobilization to articulate of rats per 21 and 45 days modifies the section area more transversa of staple fibres of the sóleo muscle and deleterious effect of more significant the cellular components for drawn out periods.

Abstract:

Abstract. The Cretaceous was punctuated by several episodes of accelerated global change, defined as Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs), that reflect abrupt changes in global carbon cycling. The Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE1a; 120 Ma) represents an excellent example, recorded in all major ocean basins, and associated with massive burial of organic matter in marine sediments. The OAE1a is concomitant with the "nannoconid crisis", which is characterized by a major biotic turnover, and a widespread demise of carbonate platforms. Many studies have been published over the last decades on OAE1a's from different sections in the world, and provide a detailed C-isotope stratigraphy for the event. Nevertheless, new high-resolution studies across the event are essential to shed light on the precise timing and rates of the multiple environmental and biotic changes that occurred during this critical period of Earth history. Here we present a new drill core recovering an Aptian section spanning the OAE1a in southern Spain. The so-called Cau section was drilled in the last quarter of 2015. The Cau section is located in the easternmost part of the Prebetic Zone (Betic Cordillera), which represents platform deposits of the southern Iberian palaeomargin. The lower Aptian deposits of the Cau section belong to a hemipelagic unit (Almadich Formation), deposited in a highly subsident sector of the distal parts of the Prebetic Platform. Previous work on the early Aptian of the Cau succession has focused on stratigraphy, bioevents, C-isotope stratigraphy, and organic and elemental geochemistry. A more recent study based on biomarkers has presented a detailed record of the pCO2 evolution across the OAE1a (Naafs et al., 2016). All these studies reveal that the Cau section represents an excellent site to further investigate the OAE1a, based on its unusually high sedimentation rate and stratigraphic continuity, the quality and preservation of fossils, and the well-expressed geochemical signatures.

Abstract:

Tension members consisting of single and double angles, single channels and similar sections are frequently used for lateral bracing and as truss elements. Such members normally have eccentric connections which results in bending of tension member. It is often permitted, by current design specifications, to neglect this eccentricity in the design of the member. The present study is focus on mode of failure on cold formed steel angle. This analysis carries single angles and double angles sections of 2mm under plain (without Lipped) and with Lipped conditions subjected to tension. Analyses were carried out for thirty-six numbers of angle sections under condition such as double angle were connected same side to gusset plate and connected to opposite side. Figure shows connection failure and mode of failure. Local buckling, global buckling, tearing failure, net section failure, and block shear failure.

Abstract:

Background: To study indications, intraoperative and postoperative complications and fetomaternal outcome in cesarean sections done at full dilatation.Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study which was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, RNT medical college, Udaipur from November 2018 to April 2019. 100 cases of caesarean sections at full dilatation which were performed during this period were analyzed for indications and maternal and fetal morbidity.Results: Among these 100 cesarean sections, majority of cases were in the age group of 21-30 years (46%), booked and Primigravida(81%).Most common indications were cephalo-pelvic disproportion (27%) and fetal distress (21%). Most commonly baby was delivered either by vertex (44%) or by Patwardhan (31%). Intraoperative complications were higher in terms of hematuria in 41%, Atonic PPH in 35%, uterine incision extension in 28% of cases. In one case bladder injury was noticed. Increased incidence of post-operative febrile illness and wound infection were noted. 44% baby’s required nursery admission, most commonly due to birth asphyxia (16%) and RDS (11%).Conclusions: Cesarean section in the 2nd stage of labor is associated with significantly increased maternal morbidity, Neonatal morbidity and mortality. So proper monitoring during labor and involvement of skilled obstetrician in decision making and delivery is crucial to minimize fetomaternal complications.

Abstract:

The effectiveness of using the field diagnosis and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) mechanistic analysis in reducing a 65-km (40-mi) segment of asphalt pavement to project level segments is discussed, along with selecting a cost-effective rehabilitation strategy. A mechanistic-based analysis was performed on the deflection basins measured from I-85 in Virginia to backcalculate the layer moduli. The 65-km segment was divided into structurally hom*ogeneous sections based on the back-calculated layer moduli. The data of each hom*ogeneous section were analyzed further to assess the in situ structural capacity, to identify weak layers, to estimate the remaining structural life, and to determine the current and future rehabilitation needs. It was found that some sections have almost no remaining structural life, and others have remaining structural life of more than 10 years. A comparison was made between the FWD–field diagnosis rehabilitation program and a visual inspection rehabilitation program. Results of the comparison indicated that the visual inspection rehabilitation program resulted in selecting thicker overlays for some of the project sections (overdesigned) and thinner overlays for the other sections (underdesigned). It is estimated that the difference between the FWD–field diagnosis rehabilitation program and the visual inspection rehabilitation program for the overdesigned sections is in the range of 45 percent of the construction cost (savings). Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) was performed to quantify the difference between the two rehabilitation programs for the underdesigned sections. Results of the LCCA indicated that the FWD–field diagnosis rehabilitation program would result in 26 percent and 42 percent reduction in the construction cost and user delay cost, respectively.

Abstract:

Despite the advent of new detection systems such as video, infrared, microwave, and ultrasound, inductive loop detectors (ILD) still remain the most widely used sensors for traffic information. For example, the California Department of Transportation alone has approximately 300,000 ILD installations, and that number excludes the installations that are part of local cities and agencies. By using these ILDs in “smarter” ways, useful section-related traffic system parameters can be derived, including densities and travel times. Consequently, the existing detection infrastructure can be used for application in many areas of intelligent transportation systems and, especially, in real-time dynamic systems. The process of developing feature extraction and vehicle pattern matching algorithms and the subsequent derivation of section-related measures based on conventional inductive loops are discussed. Field data collected from State Route 24 in Lafayette, Calif., were used for algorithm development and for the testing of algorithm performance. The performance of a section-related algorithm is shown to be much better than the current method of extrapolation from local point measures.

Abstract:

Based on the comparative analysis of results of researches carried out via the methods of reflected and refracted waves with the purpose of prediction of geological section, the paper justifies that one of the major evidences in the field of seismic wave in oil-gas fields of geological section is the differentiation of elastic properties of oil-gas bearing reservoirs from the environment. Based on mutual comparison of results of conducted researches, it is shown that in the prediction of geological section the integ- rated analysis of changes of dynamic parameters of the waves reflected from the surface of oil-gas bearing reservoir and transmitted through this surface may further increase the reliability of obtained results. The research surveys carried out in Naftalan-Shimali Naftalan areas via the methods of reflected and refracted waves were simultaneously analyzed. With the aim of comparative analysis, the deposit type anomalies revealed through the method of refracted waves were compared to the results of attributed analysis of seismic cross-sections obtained with the method of common depth point. The correspondence of the signs associated with the oil-gas bearing content in change of dynamic parameters of refracted and reflected waves has been specified. With the purpose of prediction of geological section, a complex research is proposed.

Abstract:

When a structure operates in difficult conditions of an industrial enterprise, a deterioration in the strength properties and geometric characteristics of the section of metal rafter structures is inevitable. In this case, strengthening the elements by welding additional sections does not always increase the strength and reliability of the structure, since when the section changes, the structure changes the static scheme of work (instead of central compression, eccentric compression of the elements is observed). The article is devoted to the analysis of amplification methods to improve the reliability of elements.

Abstract:

Context.—Frozen sections can help determine the extent of surgery by distinguishing in situ, minimally invasive, and invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung. Objective.—To evaluate our experience with the frozen section diagnosis of these lesions using root-cause analysis. Design.—Frozen sections from 224 consecutive primary pulmonary adenocarcinomas (in situ, 27 [12.1%]; minimally invasive, 46 [20.5%]; invasive, 151 [67.4%]) were reviewed. Features that could have contributed to frozen section errors and deferrals were evaluated. Results.—There were no false-positive diagnoses of malignancy. Frozen section errors and deferrals were identified in 12.1% (27 of 224) and 6.3% (14 of 224) of the cases, respectively. Significantly more errors occurred in the diagnosis of in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma than in the diagnosis of invasive adenocarcinoma (P &lt; .001). Frozen section errors and deferrals were twice as frequent in lesions smaller than 1.0 cm (P = .09). Features significantly associated with errors and deferrals included intraoperative consultation by more than one pathologist (P = .003) and more than one sample of frozen lung section (P = .001). Inflammation with reactive atypia, fibrosis/scar, sampling problems, and suboptimal quality sections were identified in 51.2% (21 of 41), 36.6% (15 of 41), 26.8% (11 of 41), and 9.8% (4 of 41) of the errors and deferrals, respectively (more than one of these factors was identified in some cases). Frozen section errors and deferrals had significant clinical impact in only 4 patients (1.8%); each had to undergo completion video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy less than 90 days after the initial surgery. Conclusions.—The distinction of in situ from minimally invasive adenocarcinoma is difficult in both frozen and permanent sections. We identified several technical and interpretive features that likely contributed to frozen section errors and deferrals and suggest practice modifications that are likely to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Abstract:

The study was carried out on the gallery forest of the Bacaba stream situated in the Municipal Ecological Reserve ‘Mário Viana’ (14°43′S, 52°21′W) in Nova Xavantina, Eastern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Three sections of the gallery (upper, middle and lower) running downstream and differing in slope were surveyed by stratified sampling. Fortyseven nested 10m × 10m plots were analysed in each section, giving a total sampling area of 1.41ha overall. All trees or lianas ≥ 15cm girth at breast height were recorded and a total of 129 species belonging to 105 genera and 47 families were found. Diversity was high, with the Shannon index ranging from 3.84 nats/individual in the lower section to 4.08 in the middle section. The most important families (IVI) were Caesalpiniaceae (upper and middle sections) and Arecaceae (lower section), and the most important species were Diospyros obovata (upper section), Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa (middle section) and Mauritia flexuosa (lower section). Morisita and Sørensen indices of similarity were calculated. The floristic composition was complex and included species in common with a number of Brazilian forest types and with cerrado (savanna), as well as many widespread species, but stronger links with Amazonian forests could be detected. This is to be expected since the area lies in the ecotonal zone of the cerrado and Amazonian forest biomes and the Bacaba stream itself is a tributary of the Mortes–Araguaia–Amazon river system.

Abstract:

Research aim. The research results in the development of a technology of continuous multi-frequency induction profiling measuring magnetic field components on long survey routes and detailed elaboration of sections by means of remote induction soundings. Research methodology. Theoretical and experimental studies of magnetic field components change patterns of harmonic vertical magnetic dipole over non-uniform layered earth. Mathematical simulation of harmonic vertical magnetic dipole magnetic field in non-uniform layered earth. Analysis of results. Information value of harmonic vertical magnetic dipole magnetic field components characteristics in low-frequency induction zone has been shown when studying non-uniform geoelectric sections together with the obtained results correspondence to the type of the non-uniform section when carrying out remote inductive sounding. 30 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 4. 2020 ISSN 0536-1028 Scope of results. for extended sections of route research (road and railway, oil and gas pipelines, power transmission lines, etc.) process sequence of vertical magnetic dipole magnetic field characteristics measurement has been determined to determine geoelectric properties of a layered section by means of continuous multi-frequency profiling and determination of hom*ogeneous sections of medium structure with their detailing by discrete analysis by the method of remote inductive sounding.

Abstract:

The main purpose of this paper is to compare the facts about the Pharisees that we learn from extra-biblical sources against the facts we learn from the narrative in Mk. 1:21-3:35, with the purpose of setting a historical foundation for Mark’s account. In the first section we show the available historical accounts and we conclude it to be ambivalent, while in the second section we portray the developing conflict between Jesus and the Pharisees, which in turn sheds light on historical facts in line with the conclusion that Mark’s description of the Pharisees is historically plausible, because of this Mark’s Gospel can be used for its contribution to the historical discussion about the Pharisees. The paper is divided into two sections. The first, historical, section deals with the attempt to reconstruct the relationship between Jesus and the Pharisees based on historical data, and the second, exegetic section, uses narrative criticism to develop the history and the kerygma.

Abstract:

A system of two dissipatively coupled generators, which can exhibit autonomous quasiperiodic oscillations, excited by a harmonic signal, is studied. Lyapunov charts are presented that reveal the regimes of invariant tori of different dimensions and chaos. Phase portraits in stroboscopic section and double Poincare section are presented. The coexistence of different regimes, in particular, the bifurcations of invariant tori, is discussed.

Abstract:

Background: Caesarean section represents the most significant operative intervention in obstetrics and its development and application has saved the lives of countless mothers and infants. However there has been a steady increase in the rate of caesarean sections worldwide. In this study, we aim to find the primary caesarean section rates and strategies to cut it down.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done from January 2018 to June 2019 at Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Deralakatte, Mangaluru which included 379 cases of primary cesarean sections. All patients undergoing primary caesarean section with gestational age >28 weeks confirmed by dates, clinical examination and ultrasound were included in this study. Patients who had undergone previous caesarean section or were less than 18 years of age or were less than 28 weeks of gestation were excluded from the study.Results: In this study the rate of primary caesarean section was found to be 14.5% and the majority of the study subjects belonged to the age group of 18-27 years (62.3%). With respect to parity, primigravida were high in number (71.2%), followed by multigravida. The number of emergency caesarean sections were (79%) more than elective (21%). The most common intra-operative complication was post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) in 2.8% and the most common postoperative complication was wound gape in 2.1%.Conclusions: Maximum efforts should be made to allow progression of vagin*l delivery in primigravida which helps us to bring down the primary caesarean rate.

Abstract:

Abstract This essay explores the river battle of Iliad 21 in terms of the Near Eastern mythological motif known as the Chaoskampf, wherein an order-promoting storm deity prevails over a water deity associated with chaos. The first section outlines four notable features of the protean Chaoskampf traditions in ancient Near Eastern literature, from Mesopotamia to the Levant to Anatolia. The second section traces these four features into the Iliad’s river battle and explains their presence by proposing cross-traditional mythopoesis, confluent with other cultural exchanges as established in recent decades. Understanding this part of the Iliad as influenced by West Asian traditions will help to explain why it is Hephaistos, not storm god Zeus, who unleashes his fire upon the menacing river god. The role of Hephaistos is examined against the roles of Ugaritic Kothar-wa-Hasis and Hittite-Hurrian Ea in their respective Chaoskampf myths.

Abstract:

We sought to determine whether postcaesarean treatment with whey peptides (WP) affects the healing of skin and uterine incision in rats during puerperium. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into two groups. After a caesarean section, twenty-four rats were intragastrically administered WP, while others were administered a control vehicle. On days 7, 14 and 21 after delivery, the serum total protein/albumin concentration, skin tensile strength, uterine bursting pressure, skin/uterine hydroxyproline (Hyp) concentration and histological characteristics of the scar were measured in eight rats in each group. In the WP group, the albumin concentration, skin tensile strength, uterine bursting pressure and Hyp concentration in the skin increased significantly on days 21, 7, 14 and 21, respectively. Low neutrophil count and smaller scar width in the skin incision were found in the WP group on day 7. Postcaesarean treatment with WP promoted significant wound healing in the skin incision, and had a significant wound healing potential in the uterus.

Abstract:

Background: Surgical site infections are among the most common hospital acquired infections. They make upto 14-16% of inpatient infections. Objective of present study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with surgical site infections and the bacteria causing wound infections in obstetric operations and the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern of the pathogens isolated.Methods: 100 women with wound infection during hospital stay or within 30 days following surgery. Pus samples were collected from the wound site with help of sterile swabs under aseptic precautions and immediately transported to microbiology laboratory for culture and sensitivity.Results: Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-25 years, contributing to 55% of the cases. Majority of the women are from rural areas (71%). 57% of the cases were unbooked. 90% of the SSI were seen in emergency surgeries. Anaemia (48%) was the most common medical risk factor followed by hypertensive disorders 25%. The risk of post operative infection has been shown to be proportional to volume of blood loss during cesarean section and duration of surgery. Staphylococcus aureus to be predominant organism of wound infection of which 21% were MRSA followed by Klebsiella and E.coli. The gram negative isolates were 100% resistant to ampicillin followed by 22.5% to third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides.Conclusions: Proper assessment of risk factors that predispose to SSI is critical for the development of strategies for reducing the incidence of SSI and for identifying high risk patients requiring intensive postoperative surveillance.

Abstract:

The paper presents analysis of section thickness’ influence on microstructure of Elektron 21 and QE22 magnesium alloys in the form of a stepped casting test. Solid solution grain size and volume fraction of eutectic areas were measured using light microscope and sterological methods. The results showed the significant increase of grain size caused by wall thickness and its slight decrease connected with the distance beetwen analysed section and the gating system. This relationship was confirmed using statistical methods. QE22 alloy demonstrated finer grain structure than Elektron 21 alloy as well as lesser susceptibility of grain size to solidification conditions

Abstract:

A method for analysis of dispersion characteristics of guided optical modes propagating in the optical waveguides with small cross-sections is proposed. The method is based on introduction of a correction factor for a longitudinal wavenumber of propagating modes. The correction factor arises when a cross-section of the basic rectangular waveguide is subjected to perturbation. The electromagnetic field distributions along with the mode longitudinal wavenumber are found by means of variable separation method. The longitudinal wavenumber correction factor is analytically calculated in terms of coupled mode theory. The combined use of the complete set of equations of electrodynamics together with the concept of effective sources gives rise to the correction factor in the form of an intermodal coupling coefficient. It is pointed out that the coupling coefficient consists of two components, namely bulk and surface, owing to accurate account of the electrodynamics boundary conditions. Using the method proposed, the dispersion characteristics of the fundamental modes propagating in the practically employed optical waveguides having a trapezoidal cross-section are calculated. An impact of the waveguide cross-section shape to cladding dielectric constant ratio on the mode dispersion characteristics is analyzed. The necessity to take into consideration an imperfection of the waveguide cross-section in a wide range of operating wavelengths is demonstrated.

Abstract:

A geophysical survey was carried out at Tattapani thermal spring Azad Kashmir to delineate structure,thickness, depth, lithology and migration of hot plumes contaminating fresh water. The study area was investigated byVertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using schlumberger array at 21 locations arranged in ten profiles to a maximumdepth of 500 m and 200 magnetic observations. The extension and tectonic setup of thermal spring was mapped bygeoelectrical litho sections, subsurface geological sections (20m, 20-100m and 100-500m) pseudo section, apparentresistivity map, geoelectrical parameters, statistical distribution of apparent resistivity, total magnetic intensity andanomaly map. The data show that Tattapani hot spring is concentrated along the fault line delineated by geoelectricallitho sections and magnetic section with value of -120 nT to -300 nT, total field intensity of 50000-50450 nT andconfirm by macro anisotropy (1.0 to 2.7). The geoelectrical lithological section portrays that study area compriseslithological fabric of dolomite (≥400 ohm.m), sandstone (150-200 ohm.m), clay (80-150 ohm.m), Shaley clay (50-80)and shale (≤ 50). The Thermal Plumes (10-70 ohm.m) were pictured by resistivity section and pseudo section ataverage depth of 30-60 m and showing migration of hot plumes in the North-Eastern direction contaminating freshwater (100-200 ohm.m). The longitudinal conductance (0.95-15 mhos), transverse resistance (20-300 ohm.m2) are seenhaving maximum value in the North-Eastern and North-Western side of the study area. The study also shows that freshground water is mostly concentrated in sandstone (150-200 ohm.m), dolomite (≥400 ohm.m) and lies above the thermalplumes and thus highly prone to contamination due to upwelling of thermal water.

Abstract:

A geophysical survey was carried out at Tattapani thermal spring Azad Kashmir to delineate structure,thickness, depth, lithology and migration of hot plumes contaminating fresh water. The study area was investigated byVertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using schlumberger array at 21 locations arranged in ten profiles to a maximumdepth of 500 m and 200 magnetic observations. The extension and tectonic setup of thermal spring was mapped bygeoelectrical litho sections, subsurface geological sections (20m, 20-100m and 100-500m) pseudo section, apparentresistivity map, geoelectrical parameters, statistical distribution of apparent resistivity, total magnetic intensity andanomaly map. The data show that Tattapani hot spring is concentrated along the fault line delineated by geoelectricallitho sections and magnetic section with value of -120 nT to -300 nT, total field intensity of 50000-50450 nT andconfirm by macro anisotropy (1.0 to 2.7). The geoelectrical lithological section portrays that study area compriseslithological fabric of dolomite (≥400 ohm.m), sandstone (150-200 ohm.m), clay (80-150 ohm.m), Shaley clay (50-80)and shale (≤ 50). The Thermal Plumes (10-70 ohm.m) were pictured by resistivity section and pseudo section ataverage depth of 30-60 m and showing migration of hot plumes in the North-Eastern direction contaminating freshwater (100-200 ohm.m). The longitudinal conductance (0.95-15 mhos), transverse resistance (20-300 ohm.m2) are seenhaving maximum value in the North-Eastern and North-Western side of the study area. The study also shows that freshground water is mostly concentrated in sandstone (150-200 ohm.m), dolomite (≥400 ohm.m) and lies above the thermalplumes and thus highly prone to contamination due to upwelling of thermal water.

Abstract:

Welcome to the second special section of Microscopy and Microanalysis focused on electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), which follows the June 2011 issue. The content of the previous special section was provided by participants at EBSD 2010, the second Microanalysis Society (MAS) topical conference dedicated to EBSD in the United States. The present 2013 special section includes work from participants at both EBSD 2012, the third of such topical conferences (held June 19–21, 2012 at Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA), and EMAS 2012, the European Microanalysis Society's 10th Regional Workshop that included three EBSD sessions (held June 17–20 at the Institute for Geosciences and Earth Resources, Padua, Italy).

Abstract:

Nomenclature Section of XIX International Botanical Congress (Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China) worked during July 17–21. 155 delegates from 29 countries participated in this section; they have also 427 institutional votes. Of 397 proposals to amend International code of nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants 113 ones (28.5%) were accepted as such or with amendments. The paper contains brief characteristics of the activity of the Nomenclature Section and the review of its principal decisions which in comparison with those adopted by previous, XVIII International Botanical Congress (Melbourne) look conservative enough.